1.3.2 Types of Molecules

By -

 

Types of Molecules

Molecule

A molecule is formed by the chemical combinations of atoms. It is the smallest unit of a substance. It shows all the properties of the substance and can exist independently.

There are different types of molecules depending upon the number and types of atoms combining. A few types are discussed here.

Monoatomic Molecule

A molecule consisting of only one atom is called monoatomic molecule.

For example, the inert gases helium, neon and argon all exist independently in atomic form and they are called monoatomic molecules.

Diatomic Molecule

If a molecule consists of two atoms, it is called diatomic molecule.

For example, hydrogen (H2), oxygen (O2), chlorine (Cl2) and hydrogen chloride (HCl).

Triatomic Molecule

If it consists of three atoms, it is called triatomic molecule.

For example, H2O and CO2.

Polyatomic Molecule

If a molecule consists of many atoms, it is called polyatomic.

For example, methane (CH4), sulphuric acid (H2SO4) and glucose (C6H12O6).

Monatomic & Heteroatomic Molecule

A Molecule containing same type of atoms, is called homoatomic molecule. For example: hydrogen (H2), ozone (O3), sulphur (S8) and phosphorus (P4) are the examples of molecules formed by the same type of atoms. When a molecule consists of different kinds of atoms, it is called heteroatomic molecule. For example: CO2, H2O and NH3.

Previous Topic

Next Topic

Copyrights@2021. All rights reserved by the author.

Hello, this is Misbah ud Din a student of STEM. This is my blog chemisTREEpk which provides a vast knowledge about Chemistry(and sometimes other sciences) fully free.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

1.1 Introduction of Chemistry & its Branches

By -
Image
chemistreepk.blogspot.com Introduction: Science: The knowledge which helps us in understanding our surroundings and some basic scientific concepts of the world is known as Science. It is defined as; "The knowledge which is gained from observations and experiments is known as Science ." Chemistry: "The scientific study of the structure, properties, and reactions of the chemical elements and the compounds they form is called chemistry ." In other words, we can say that "The composition, structure, properties, and reactions of a substance is known as chemistry ." The development of science and technology has provided us a lot of facilities in  daily life. Imagine the role and importance of petrochemical products, medicines, and  drugs, soap, detergents, paper, plastics, paints and pigments, insecticides, pesticides  which all are the fruit of the efforts of chemists. The development of the chemical industry has  also generated toxic wastes, contaminated water...
Read more

VSEPR Theory (by chemisTREEpk)

By -
Image
VSEPR Theory INTRODUCED IN 1940 BY SIDGWICK & POWELL AND MODIFIED BY RONALD GILLESPIE & RONALD NYHOLM IN 1957. Principle & Main Assumption: Shape  of the molecule  will be decided  by the total  number  of electron  pairs (Bond  Pairs  & Lone  Pairs) around the central atom. And these electron pairs remain at maximum distance from each other so that the  repulsion between them is maximum. A lone pair occupies more space on an atom in a molecule as compared to a bond pair. The repulsion  order between electron pair is: L.P — L.P > L.P — B.P > B.P — B.P The electron density of three bond pairs of a triple bond or two-electron pairs of a double bond  lies between two atoms in a molecule just like that of one molecule of a single bond hence three electron pairs of a  triple bond and two-electron pairs of a  double bond must be considered as one electron pair. Three electron pairs of a triple bond oc...
Read more